MRTG-NW-GUIDE(1) mrtg MRTG-NW-GUIDE(1)
NNAAMMEE
mrtg-nw-guide - MRTG for NetWare
SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
This guide is intended to aid in the installation and con-
figuration of MRTG on a NetWare server.
OOVVEERRVVIIEEWW
MRTG is a relative newcomer to the NetWare platform. Ear-
lier versions of NetWare could not run MRTG natively for
several reasons:
+o Absence of NetWare OS support in the MRTG package.
+o A NetWare server commandline length limitation.
+o Absence of the Rateup executable (Rateup.nlm).
+o A standard installation method.
+o Problems with NetWare's implementation of Perl.
Support for the NetWare OS has now been fully added into
MRTG, beginning with MRTG release 2.12.2.
Liberallly minded operating systems support a commandline
length approaching 1000 characters. In such environments
it was an easy matter to pass the sometimes high number of
parameters used by MRTG's Rateup executable directly on
the commandline. Until NetWare 6.5, NetWare had a command-
line limit of 512 characters. This limitation was also
removed for NetWare 6.0 by Service Pack 5. For other Net-
Ware versions and earlier Service Packs, this limitation
remains. To permit a 'standard' interface for NetWare, the
Rateup executable has been modified to also read its
parameters from a file, and the MRTG script has been modi-
fied to support this method on a NetWare platform. (See
New Rateup Switch)
A Rateup NLM is now available, along with the necessary
scripts to build it if required. See the NetWare Support
section of this document for further details. Addition-
ally, mrtg.pl has been revised because of the unique (to
NetWare) name of executables (NLM).
The absence of a specific installation procedure has
caused MRTG to fail in the past because the Perl script
could not find or load the Rateup executable. The instal-
lation method supplied here will solve this problem for
now.
The MRTG.pl script in the 2.12.2 (or later) version of
MRTG has been configured to suit all likely versions of
NetWare able to use Perl5, and bypasses all of the known
problems with NetWare Perl running MRTG.
PPRREERREEQQUUIISSIITTEESS
You will need the following:
+o Perl 5.8.0 for NetWare with latest Perl Updates
(February, 2005 or later; previous versions MAY work)
+o NetWare 5.1 w/ SP8, NetWare 6.0 w/ SP5 or NetWare 6.5
w/ SP2.
+o A copy of the MRTG Package (v2.12.2 at time of writ-
ting)
+o Three .ncf files to execute the Perl scripts at the
NetWare server console.
+o A copy of the Rateup NLM (Pre-built or compiled)
+o Optionally, any NetWare supported Web Server
(Netscape, Apache 1.3 or 2.0)
For copies of the .ncf files and Rateup NLM, see NetWare
Support in this document.
IINNSSTTAALLLLIINNGG MMRRTTGG
1. Install the latest Perl 5.8.x release on your server.
See the Perl documentation for details.
2. Create the following directories:
SYS:/Mrtg
SYS:/Mrtg/bin
SYS:/Mrtg/contrib (Optional for this document)
SYS:/Mrtg/doc (Optional for this document)
SYS:/Mrtg/html
SYS:/Mrtg/html/images
SYS:/Mrtg/html/work
SYS:/Mrtg/lib
SYS:/Mrtg/logs
SYS:/Mrtg/translate
3. Copy from the MRTG package the following files:
\bin\* to SYS:/Mrtg/bin All files. See Note 1.
Note 1: Add a .pl extension to the mrtg, cfgmaker and indexmaker files.
The rateup.exe will NOT be needed on the NetWare server.
\contrib\* to SYS:/Mrtg/contrib/ Include sub-directories
\doc\* to SYS:/Mrtg/doc/ All files
\images\* to SYS:/Mrtg/html/images/ All files
\translate\* to SYS:/Mrtg/translate/ All files. See Note 2.
Note 2: For English-only language support, all \translate files EXCEPT Locales_mrtg may be deleted.
\lib\* to SYS:/Mrtg/lib Include sub-directories. See Note 3.
Note 3: This will create the SYS:/Mrtg/lib/mrtg2 and ./pod directories.
4. Create copies of the three .ncf files and install
them:
*.ncf to SYS:/Mrtg/bin
See NetWare Support in this document for details on
how to create copies of these files.
5. See Compiling Rateup.nlm"> in this document for
details on compiling the Rateup NLM yourself if
desired. A prebuit verion is available in the
.\mrtg\bin directory where it must remain.
CCOONNFFIIGGUURRIINNGG MMRRTTGG
+o Refer to Novell documentation on configuring and load-
ing SNMP support on your server if this is the device
to be monitored.
+o Edit sys:/mrtg/bin/MakeMrtgCfg.ncf:
- replace ccccc with the GET community name for the SNMP device (typically 'public'),
- replace ddddd with the DNS name or IP address of the device to be monitored.
e.g public@www.myserver.com, public@10.202.65.180
Note 1: These are NOT mail addresses, they just look like one!
Note 2: If multiple devices are to be monitored, add their entries to the same line:
e.g perl cfgmaker.pl public@www.myserver.com public@10.202.65.180 > sys:/mrtg/bin/mrtg.cfg
In this "Getting Started", it is 'suggested' to only
monitor a single device.
+o At the server console, run:
sys:/mrtg/bin/MakeMrtgCfg.ncf
This will create Mrtg.cfg in sys:/mrtg/bin.
+o Edit the Mrtg.cfg configuration file created in the
previous step. Note the following:
It was found, when testing MRTG on a NetWare 6.5
server using a NIC Interface, that mrtg.cfg contained
the following message:
### Interface 1 >> Descr: 'Intel(R)-8255x-based-Network-Connection'...
### The following interface is commented out because:
### * has a speed of 0 which makes no sense
#
...
If this occurs, edit MakeMrtgCfg.ncf and add the fol-
lowing parameter as shown:
perl sys:\mrtg\bin\cfgmaker.pl --zero-speed=nnn public@10.202.65.180 > sys:\mrtg\bin\Mrtg.cfg
where nnnnnn is the interface speed in bits per second.
For a 100 Megabit LAN NIC, nnn = 10000000. It will be
necessary to re-execute the MakeMrtgCfg.ncf script
before continuing with this section.
Below line 16 (*** Global Defaults), add:
HtmlDir: e.g HtmlDir: sys:/mrtg/html
ImageDir: e.g ImageDir: sys:/mrtg/html/work
LogDir: e.g LogDir: sys:/mrtg/logs
IconDir: e.g IconDir: ./images
Note 1
The HtmlDir entry specifies where MRTG will create
its HTML pages.
Note 2
The ImageDir entry specifies where the created
graphic icons are placed.
Note 3
The IconDir entry specifies where the supplied
MRTG icons are located. It MUST be a relative
path from HtmlDir or absolute URL. The value shown
is recommended.
+o At the server console run:
sys:/mrtg/bin/RunMrtg.ncf
several times. By the third time it should run without
showing error messages on the console screen. This
should create:
+o A HTML page in the (HtmlDir) directory for each
monitored device,
+o A .dat file in the (ImageDir) directory for each
monitored device,
+o Several .png icons in the (ImageDir) directory,
+o Some log file entries in the (LogDir) directory.
Note: If you experience a "Use of uninitialised value
in split" error, it will be necessary to create a
'Path' environment variable at the server console; use
the following example
env path="SYS:\" (The actual value is immaterial, as long as the var itself exists.)
+o Edit sys:/mrtg/bin/MakeMrtgIndex.ncf. Change the indi-
cated shown in the following example to match
the value entered for (HtmlDir).
perl --noscreen sys:/mrtg/bin/indexmaker.pl sys:/mrtg/bin/Mrtg.cfg > /index.html
+o Create an index.html page linking the seperate device
HTML page(s). At the server console, run:
sys:/mrtg/bin/MakeMrtgIndex.ncf
This will create index.html in the (HtmlDir) direc-
tory.
+o Optionally, configure a Web Server to permit access to
the directory specified in (HtmlDir) to view the MRTG
graphs remotely, at, for example:
http://ip_or_dns/mrtg/index.html
A sample configuration for an Apache Webserver is
shown:
Alias /mrtg/ "SYS:/mrtg/html/"
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
+o Set the property of the directory pointed to by
(ImageDir), to 'Purge Immediate'.
+o Finally, read the MRTG documentation for much more
detailed configuration/usage information.
Welcome to MRTG!!
MMAAKKEE MMRRTTGG RRUUNN AALLLL TTHHEE TTIIMMEE
MRTG can be made to run periodically by at least two
means:
+o Using CRON Scheduling
+o Running MRTG in Daemon Mode
CCRROONN SScchheedduulliinngg
To use CRON scheduling, create a CRON Scheduler entry to
execute the RunMrtg.ncf file on a frequency appropriate
for the server environment and information desired. The
following entry in the sys:\etc\crontab file will execute
MRTG every five minutes:
0,5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,50,55 * * * * sys:\mrtg\bin\runmrtg.ncf
The CRON Scheduler (cron.nlm) can be started automatically
by adding it in AUTOEXEC.ncf or, manually loading it at
the server console.
MMRRTTGG iinn DDaaeemmoonn MMooddee
Refer to the MRTG-Reference document for information about
the 'RunAsDaemon' option. Its use is outside the scope of
this document.
TTRROOUUBBLLEESSHHOOOOTTIINNGG
Read the MRTG documents, Perl documents or, finally, sub-
mit questions to the MRTG User forums.
For NetWare specific issues, submit questions to the Perl
forum at news://developer-forums.novell.com/novell.dev-
sup.perl (Novell Developer Forums).
CCOOMMPPIILLIINNGG RRAATTEEUUPP..NNLLMM
In addition to the rateup.c and Makefile.Netware supplied
with the MRTG release, you will also need:
+o Metrowerks CodeWarrior with NetWare Support OR GCC
Compiler (v3.0.3 or later) with NlmConv Utility
+o Novell LibC NDK (February 2004 or later)
+o GD Graphics Library (v2.0.33 or later)
+o LibPNG Graphics Library (v1.2.8 or later)
+o ZLib Library (v1.2.3 or later)
+o The get_ver.awk script
+o A copy of the GNU build tools. (See http://source-
forge.net/projects/gnuwin32/)
The auxiliary libraries can be obtained from:
GD Graphics Library. (See http://www.boutell.com/gd/ )
PNG Graphics Library. (See http://libpng.source-
forge.net/ )
zLib Compression Library. (See http://www.gzip.org/zlib/
)
Edit the Makefile.Netware file as required to match your
installation paths; search the file for the key word
'Edit'.
NNEETTWWAARREE SSUUPPPPOORRTT
For copies of the NCF and get_ver.awk scripts, see
Appendix.
For NetWare specific issues, submit questions to the Perl
forum at news://developer-forums.novell.com/novell.dev-
sup.perl (Novell Developer Forums).
To move the MRTG application to a volume other than SYS:
you will need to edit the NCF scripts provided plus the
MRTG[.pl] script itself in two places.
NNEEWW RRAATTEEUUPP SSWWIITTCCHH
The MRTG[.pl] script, when used on a NetWare platform,
uses Rateup[.nlm] with the new commandline switch:
RATEUP -f filename
where the filename parameter can include a leading path
element.
The file format is exactly the same as that used on the
commandline by other operating systems, including the
leading path and name of the Rateup NLM.
AAPPPPEENNDDIIXX
The Appendix includes 'copies' of the following files:
+o The NCF files used during MRTG configuration,
To create copies of these files, simply 'cut and paste'
into your favourite 'tteexxtt eeddiittoorr' and save under their
respective names. You should remove the leading space from
each line.
_M_a_k_e_M_r_t_g_C_f_g_._N_C_F
# MakeMrtgCfg.NCF
# Purpose : Create the MRTG Configuration File
# Changed : 5/05/2005 New
# Located : SYS:MRTG\BIN
# Set For :
# Params :
# Edit this file and:
# Replace ccccc with your device GET SNMP Community Name - If unsure try 'public'.
# Replace ddddd with your device IP (n.n.n.n) or domain name.
perl --noscreen sys:\mrtg\bin\cfgmaker.pl ccccc@ddddd > sys:\mrtg\bin\Mrtg.cfg
#
# End of MakeMrtgCfg.NCF
_R_u_n_M_r_t_g_._N_C_F
# RunMrtg.NCF
# Purpose : Run the MRTG Application
# Changed : 5/05/2005 New
# Located : SYS:MRTG\BIN
# Set For :
# Params :
# The paths are as per the examples recommended in "Getting Started".
perl --noscreen sys:\mrtg\bin\mrtg.pl sys:\mrtg\bin\mrtg.cfg
#
# End of RunMrtg.NCF
_M_a_k_e_M_r_t_g_I_n_d_e_x_._N_C_F
# MakeMrtgIndex.NCF
# Purpose : Create the HTML Index File for MRTG HTML data pages
# Changed : 5/05/2005 New
# Located : SYS:MRTG\BIN
# Set For :
# Params :
# Note: Edit this file and change the redirected output to the location
# specified for HtmlDir or WorkDir. The sys:\apache2\htdocs\mrtg\index.html
# is based on the examples in "Getting Started".
perl --noscreen sys:\mrtg\bin\indexmaker.pl sys:\mrtg\bin\Mrtg.cfg > sys:\mrtg\html\index.html
#
# End of MakeMrtgIndex.NCF
LLIICCEENNSSEE
GNU General Public License
CCRREEDDIITTSS
The MRTG for NetWare exists largely through the efforts of
Guenter Knauf and feedback from beta testers.
AAUUTTHHOORR
Norm W..
2.14.7 2006-09-06 MRTG-NW-GUIDE(1)